Boxwood
Boxwoods are classic evergreen shrubs with dense, small leaves that can be shaped into formal hedges or topiaries. These versatile green plants provide structure and year-round interest to any landscape design.
Boxwood Care Guide
Environment
Boxwoods adapt to a variety of conditions but prefer well-draining soil with consistent moisture. They thrive in locations with morning sun and afternoon shade, especially in hot climates.
Light
Partial to full sun, depending on climate. In hot regions, afternoon shade helps prevent foliage burn. In cooler climates, more sun promotes denser growth.
Temperature
Hardy in USDA zones 5-9, depending on variety. Protect from harsh winter winds which can cause winter burn. Consider anti-desiccant sprays in colder regions.
Watering
Water deeply but infrequently, allowing the top inch of soil to dry between waterings. Once established, boxwoods are relatively drought-tolerant but benefit from regular watering during dry periods.
Humidity
Adapts to various humidity levels but prefers moderate humidity. In very dry climates, occasional misting can be beneficial.
Fertilizing
Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring. A second light application can be made in late spring, but avoid fertilizing after mid-summer to prevent tender new growth before winter.
Care Tips
- Plant in well-draining soil amended with organic matter.
- Apply a 2-inch layer of mulch around the base, keeping it away from the trunk to prevent rot.
- Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Light shaping can be done throughout the growing season.
- Provide good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases.
Common Problems
- Boxwood blight causes black streaking on stems and circular brown spots on leaves, followed by defoliation.
- Winter burn appears as bronzed or brown foliage and is caused by drying winds when the ground is frozen.
- Boxwood leafminer causes blistering and discoloration of leaves.
- Root rot can occur in poorly draining soils or from overwatering.
Seasonal Care
Spring
Apply fertilizer and mulch. Major pruning should be done in early spring.
Summer
Water deeply during dry periods. Light shaping can be done if needed.
Fall
Reduce watering as temperatures cool. Avoid pruning which can stimulate new growth vulnerable to frost.
Winter
Minimal watering needed. Protect from harsh winds and heavy snow loads.